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gammai.m
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1997-03-08
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## Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Kurt Hornik
##
## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
## any later version.
##
## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
## General Public License for more details.
##
## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
## along with this file. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
## 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
## usage: gammai (a, x)
##
## Computes the incomplete gamma function
##
## gammai(a, x)
## = (integral from 0 to x of exp(-t) t^(a-1) dt) / gamma(a).
##
## If a is scalar, then gammai(a, x) is returned for each element of x
## and vice versa.
##
## If neither a nor x is scalar, the sizes of a and x must agree, and
## gammai is applied pointwise.
## Author: KH <Kurt.Hornik@ci.tuwien.ac.at>
## Created: 13 August 1994
## Adapted-By: jwe
function y = gammai (a, x)
if (nargin != 2)
usage ("gammai (a, x)");
endif
[retval, a, x] = common_s (a, x);
if (retval > 0)
error ("gammai: a and x must be of common size or scalar");
endif
[r, c] = size (x);
s = r * c;
x = reshape (x, 1, s);
a = reshape (a, 1, s);
y = zeros (1, s);
k = find (!(a > 0) | isnan (x));
if any (k)
y(k) = NaN * ones (1, length (k));
endif
k = find ((x == Inf) & (a > 0));
if any (k)
y(k) = ones (1, length (k));
endif
## For x < a + 1, use summation. The below choice of L should ensure
## that the overall error is less than eps ...
k = find((x > 0) & (x < a + 1));
if any (k)
L = ceil (- max ([a(k), x(k)]) * log (eps));
A = cumprod ((ones (L, 1) * x(k)) ...
./ (ones (L, 1) * a(k) + (1 : L)' * ones (1, length (k))));
y(k) = exp (-x(k) + a(k) .* log (x(k))) ...
.* (1 + sum (A)) ./ gamma (a(k) + 1);
endif
## For x >= a + 1, use the continued fraction.
## Note, however, that this converges MUCH slower than the series
## expansion for small a and x not too large!
k = find ((x >= a + 1) & (x < Inf) & (a > 0));
if any (k)
len = length (k);
u = [zeros (1, len); ones (1, len)];
v = [ones (1, len); x(k)];
c_old = 0;
c_new = v(1, :) ./ v(2, :);
n = 1;
while (max (abs (c_old ./ c_new - 1)) > 10 * eps)
c_old = c_new;
u = v + u .* (ones (2, 1) * (n - a(k)));
v = u .* (ones (2, 1) * x(k)) + n * v;
c_new = v(1, :) ./ v(2, :);
n = n + 1;
endwhile
y(k) = 1 - exp (-x(k) + a(k) .* log (x(k))) .* c_new ...
./ gamma (a(k));
endif
y = reshape (y, r, c);
endfunction